What's it: Centralization is a hierarchical decision-making structure in which company executives retain authority and have full control over decision-making. It contrasts to decentralization, where upper management delegates it to lower levels
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Accountability: Importance, Examples, Components
What's it: Accountability means carrying out roles and duties responsibly as they should. It can apply to other individuals, departments, companies, or organizations. And let's focus on its application in enterprise management.When an
Formal Organizational Structure: Characteristics, Advantages, Disadvantages
What's it: A formal organizational structure is an organizational structure with clearly defined positions, duties, responsibilities, and authorities. Often, the formal structure is put on paper as an organizational chart. And organizations
Informal Organizational Structure: Characteristics, Advantages, Disadvantages
What's it: An informal organizational structure is an organizational structure without written guidelines for operating but is based on norms and systems developed by members. So, there are no formal and written rules, procedures, or chain of
Span of Control: Importance, Types, Advantages, Disadvantages
What's it:Â The span of control shows how many subordinates a manager is responsible for. When managers or supervisors have many subordinates, we call it a wide span of control. Conversely, if they have fewer subordinates, we call it a narrow span of
Organizational Chart: Importance, Features, and Types
What's it: An organizational chart is a graphical representation of an organizational structure. It describes the units and positions within the company. In the diagram, we can see the roles, responsibilities, and relationships between positions
Chain of Command: Importance, Element, Advantages
What's it: A chain of command is a formal line for defining authority, communication, and responsibility between positions within a company. It is depicted in an organization chart. And, it tells us who is responsible and reports to whom. Thus,
Empowerment: Importance, Advantages, Disadvantages
What's it: Empowerment means giving employees power and autonomy to determine their own destiny. Companies not only give employees more delegation and responsibility but also more autonomy. In addition, the company also equips them with adequate
Delegation in Management: How it Works, Advantages, Disadvantages
What's it: Delegation is the act of giving authority to those at lower levels to take on relevant roles or decisions. The company entrusts the task or some less essential decision-making, which has been carried out by superiors, to employees at
Flexible Working: Types, Advantages, Disadvantages
What's it: Flexible working is the practice of giving employees more opportunities and freedom to complete their tasks. It can involve flexibility in time, location, or how to do a task. For example, employees can work from home or anywhere as
Job Enrichment: Importance, Advantages, Disadvantages
What's it: Job enrichment is a method of motivating employees by making work more interesting and challenging. It may involve variations in duties, roles, and responsibilities. In addition, the company gives employees more autonomy and
Autonomy in Management: Its Importance, Advantages, Disadvantages
What's it: Autonomy refers to the degree to which employees have freedom and independence in carrying out their roles and making decisions about their work. Giving autonomy is one way to motivate. Employees have greater respect for the company