• Skip to primary navigation
  • Skip to main content

Penpoin.

Better Knowledge. Your Insight Is Sharper

  • Business
    • Starting Business
    • Managing Business
    • Growing Business
  • Investing
    • Investing Fundamentals
    • Investment Options
  • Economic Context
    • Microeconomics
    • Macroeconomics
    • International economics

Economic Context

Import Tariffs: Taxes, Types, Impact (Pros & Cons)

January 21, 2025 · Ahmad Nasrudin

What's it: An import tariff is a tax imposed on the price of imported goods. The government usually charges tariffs as a percentage of the price of imported goods. Alternatively, the tariff is levied as a fixed cost for each unit of goods imported,

Customs Union: Trade Boost & Cooperation (Free Trade, Tariffs, Pros, Cons)

January 21, 2025 · Ahmad Nasrudin

What's a customs union? Imagine a group of neighboring countries taking economic integration to the next level. This involves ditching trade barriers amongst themselves, allowing goods and services to flow freely without the burden of customs duties

The Loanable Funds Market: Understanding Borrowing and Lending in the Economy

August 18, 2024 · Ahmad Nasrudin

The loanable funds market acts as the engine that drives borrowing and lending within an economy. Imagine the economy as a giant lending circle. People set aside money they don't spend (savings), businesses need funds to grow, and the government

Trade Protection: Shield Domestic Economy (Reasons, Pros, Cons & Types)

January 27, 2025 · Ahmad Nasrudin

What's it: Trade protection is a government policy used in international trade to limit the flow of exports and imports of goods and services. Protection takes various forms, such as import tariffs, subsidies, quotas, labeling, product safety, and

Market Failure: Types, Effects, and Solutions

January 21, 2025 · Ahmad Nasrudin

What's it: Market failure refers to a condition in which the market mechanism doesn't work, thus creating inefficiency in the market. Demand, supply, and price aren't in equilibrium. As a result, markets fail to allocate economic resources most

Laissez-faire: Concept, Pros and Cons

January 21, 2025 · Ahmad Nasrudin

What's it: Laissez-faire is a political-ideological concept that rejects government intervention on the economy. This term, in French, means "let it be." Its supporters see the state intervention is a barrier to economic growth and

Austerity Policy: Balancing Debt vs. Growth (Pros & Cons)

January 21, 2025 · Ahmad Nasrudin

What's it: Austerity policy is an action by the government to reduce government debt. The government usually adopts it when debt is too high, hence weighing economic performance. High debt tends to be out of control. It is dangerous and

Pure Floating Exchange Rate: Flexibility & Volatility (Pros, Cons)

January 23, 2025 · Ahmad Nasrudin

What's it? A pure floating exchange rate, or free-floating exchange rate, is a system of exchange rates in which the value of a domestic currency against a foreign currency moves according to a market mechanism. The market mechanism is the

Externalities: Meaning, Types, and Solutions

January 21, 2025 · Ahmad Nasrudin

What's it: Externalities are costs or benefits of economic activities borne by third parties who are not involved in it. They are not reflected in the final cost or benefit of the goods or services produced.Economists view externalities as

Balance of Payments: Understanding a Country’s Economic Footprint

January 21, 2025 · Ahmad Nasrudin

Balance of payments acts as a comprehensive snapshot of a country's economic activity on the world stage. It's essentially a double-entry bookkeeping system that tracks all financial transactions between a country and the rest of the world over a

Currency Crisis Explained: Causes, Impacts & Solutions

January 22, 2025 · Ahmad Nasrudin

What's it: A currency crisis is a situation in which the exchange rate of a currency falls, causing a sharp decline in foreign reserves. The fall was possible due to a brief bout of speculation on the foreign exchange market. Simultaneously, the

Import Quota: Protection vs. Price Hikes – Types, Pros and Cons

January 21, 2025 · Ahmad Nasrudin

What's it? An import quota is an import policy that limits the quantity of product imports over a certain period. The government implemented it to protect domestic industries that were vulnerable to pressure from imported products. It is also

« Previous Page
Next Page »

Copyright © 2026  ·  Contact Us  ·  About Us  ·  Terms of Use  · Privacy Policy and Disclaimer  · Affiliate Disclaimer·  Comment Policy