What's it: Vertical integration is the company's action to expand business by entering other stages of the current supply chain under its ownership or control. In other words, the company enters the downstream or upstream business. This may be
Business Integration
Horizontal Integration: Meaning, Pros, and Cons
What's it: Horizontal integration means combining several businesses in the same supply chain level under one coordination or control. For example, two car manufacturers decide to merge and leave one surviving entity. It increases the size of