• Skip to primary navigation
  • Skip to main content
  • Skip to primary sidebar
  • Skip to footer

Penpoin

Better knowledge. Sharper Insight.

  • Management
  • Economics
  • Finance
Blog

List of determinants of consumption expenditure [Explained]

Updated on April 13, 2022 · By Ahmad Nasrudin

List of determinants of consumption expenditure Explained
You are here: Home / Blog / List of determinants of consumption expenditure [Explained]

Knowing the determinants of consumption expenditure is essential. Governments often look for ways to stimulate consumption to encourage economic growth.

Advertisement

Consumer spending is a significant driving force in the economies of several countries. Consumption contributes to 64% -66% of Indonesia’s gross domestic product (GDP). Thus, increasing consumption means moving the economy.

Then, how to stimulate it? Of course, the government must know the factors that influence consumption. That way, the government can take appropriate policies.

Disposable income

Disposable income is the most important determinant of consumption expenditure. Without income, there is no money to buy goods and services.

Disposable income is the money left after consumers pay taxes. In other words, it is income after tax. Consumers can use it for consumption or saving.

Household wealth

Household wealth can be real assets such as land and property or financial assets such as shares and mutual funds. Usually, they save wealth for a financial cushion in difficult times or for retirement. They target how much wealth they must accumulate for each period, say a year.

Appreciation of asset prices raises household wealth and exceeds the target for the year. Because it has surpassed the goal, households will tend to save less.

Instead, they will spend more money on the consumption of goods and services. They buy several products they most interest in.

Advertisement

The effect of asset appreciation (increase in wealth) on household consumption is what we call the wealth effect.

Future income expectations

When consumers are optimistic about their income and employment prospects, they will tend to shop. They sure can still make money.

Conversely, when the prospect of income worsens, they will delay the expenditure of some goods. They will save more in preparation for a worse situation.

Inflation expectations

High inflation erodes consumer purchasing power. Money becomes worthless. With the same nominal cash and goods, they get a smaller quantity.

Inflation expectations play an essential role in influencing spending patterns. If households expect higher inflation in the future, they will increase spending now. They buy some durable goods before the price rises.

Interest rates and credit availability

For households, interest is the cost of borrowing money. The higher the interest rate, the more expensive it will be. Hence, they will think twice about applying for new loans when interest rates rise.

So why are interest rates necessary for consumption expenditure?

Some goods, such as cars and homes, are expensive and several times the income of consumers. So, they will buy it on credit, unless they have enough savings. They then applied for a new loan from the bank.

Advertisement

When interest rates are high, they will most likely delay a purchase. These items are less essential. Postpone the shopping is better than having to bear high-interest payments.

Interest rates and the availability of credit are closely related. When interest rates are low, credit availability is usually abundant. This often happens during a prosperous economy.

Economic Growth and Economic Development: Their Differences and Relationships

Economic growth has a close relationship with economic development. We need economic growth to support

Economic Growth: Factors, Importance, Impacts, How to Measure It

Economic growth refers to an increase in output in an economy over time. It can be short term or long term. In the short

Gini Coefficient: Meaning, Calculation Method, Data, Pros, and Cons

What's it: Gini coefficient is a statistic of economic inequality in a society. It tells you the distribution of income

Advertisement

Needs: Definition, Example, Type

What's it: Needs means requiring something because it is essential. For example, we need food, water, and shelter

Wants: Definition and Examples

What's it: Wants are hopes to have or fulfill something. If we want something, we expect to be able to buy it and

Venture Capital: How It Works, How It Makes Money, Investment Horizon

What's it: Venture capital is capital invested in a new company, startup, or young company, in return for

Leveraged Buyout (LBO): How it Works, Funding Sources, Criteria for Target 

What's it: A leveraged buyout (LBO) is an acquisition with debt relied upon to finance the purchase. This strategy

Primary Sidebar

TOPIC

Accounting and Finance Business and Strategy Financial Statements Human Resources Investment Macroeconomics Marketing Microeconomics Operation

Advertisement

LATEST POST

  • Private Equity Structure and Fee
  • Hedge Funds Strategy: Macro, event-driven, relative value, and equity hedge strategies
  • Leveraged Buyout (LBO): How it Works, Funding Sources, Criteria for Target 
  • Private Equity: Examples, Strategies, Targets, Its Ways To Make Money
  • Economic Growth and Economic Development: Their Differences and Relationships
  • Where Do Comparative Advantages Come From?

MOST POPULAR

  • Political Environment: Meaning, Examples
  • The Role of Business in Society and the Economy
  • Business Size: Definition, Measurement, Classification
  • Span of Control: Importance, Types, Advantages, Disadvantages
  • Government Intervention: Examples, Reasons, and Impacts
  • Trade Blocs: Meaning, Types, Pros, and Cons

Footer

SEARCH

POPULAR

  • Political Environment: Meaning, Examples
  • The Role of Business in Society and the Economy
  • Business Size: Definition, Measurement, Classification
  • Span of Control: Importance, Types, Advantages, Disadvantages
  • Government Intervention: Examples, Reasons, and Impacts

TOPIC

Accounting and Finance Business and Strategy Financial Statements Human Resources Investment Macroeconomics Marketing Microeconomics Operation

Copyright © 2023 · About Us  · Privacy Policy and Disclaimer  ·  Terms of Use  ·  Comment Policy  ·  Contact Us